HIST 240 Final, Fall 2005

History 240 Fall 2005 History of the Arab East and Egypt Final Exam 25 January 2006, 8:00-10:00 am Bliss Hall 105 Your answers should incorporate concrete examples from your readings. Choose two essays and five identification questions. 1) What was th policies of the 19th century? How would you explain the wartime agreements in light of the Eastern Question? 2) Discuss the post-war settlements. What were the various settlements, whose interests did they serve, and what are a few ways they have they affected the history of the region since 1920? 3) What problems or circumstances were the Ottoman (and/or Iranian) constitutions meant to address? Are the issues unique to each country, or similar? What were the difficulties faced by each constitutional movement, and what were the outcomes? 4) Discuss the legitimation mechanisms employed by the Ottoman state. Ottoman imperial legitimation changed between the 16th and 19th centuries. What were some of the changes and how successful were they in your view? What where some of the internal and external challenges to the Ottoman state in the 19th century, and how did state symbols and ideology respond to these challenges? 5) Much Ottoman and Egyptian reform focused on the military. A long tradition of scholarship has declared these reform efforts futile. Appraise military reform from the perspective of the armistice in 1918. Would the story be different from the perspective of 1916? Why? 6) How exactly did Egypt fall under British rule? Examine the elements leading to this event. Identifications CUP Gallipoli Mustafa Kemal Ahmed Jamal Pasha Constantinople Agreement Sharif al-Husayn Sykes-Picot Amir Faysal The Jewish State