HIST 258 Final, Fall 2005

Final exam A Social History of the Modern Middle East: 1800-1980 Fall 2005/06 AUB, HIST 258D Prof. Cyrus Schayegh Part I 30 possible points, maximum 10 for each answer. Write appr. 0.5-1p. each on 3 out of the following 6 concepts or dates (you may write more if you wish). You may pick any 3 subjects you wish: 1. 1919 2. 1952 3. 1939-45 4. war-making and war -preparation after World War Two 5. oil/petroleum 6. infitah / open door liberal economic policy Part II 70 possible points, maximum 35 for each ans wer. Write a short essay of about 3 pages each (write more if you wish) on 2 of the following 4 questions. You may pick any 2 subjects you wish: 1. Avenues of Participation? 2. why was land reform central to various post-World War Two regimes in the Middle East, how did these reforms look like, and what were their reasons and historical roots? 3. how and why did sectarianism rise in the 19th century Ottoman Empire according to The Culture of Sectarianism? 4. what was Gamal Abd el- and why did it end? What were its effect beyond Egypt, i.e. in the Middle East in general? Good luck!