ENG 227 Final, Fall 2001

ERICAN CNIVERSIT® LIBRARY OF WEEK Engl 227 Fall 2007 27 Prof. Lina Choueiri February 1, 2002 Final Exam Good luck! PartI Fssay (Opts) Please choose one of the following Avo topics: "Define the notions competence and performance. Discuss what studies in language processing tell us about linguistic performance and the distinction between ‘performance’ and ‘competence’. = State, explain, and illustrate Grice’s maxims. Apply them to analyze the following exchanges (¢.g explain how the Literal meaning of the utterances differs from the non-hteral meaning and provide motivation for this difference): (a) A: Did you like the movie? B: Well, the costumes were authentic. (b) Icome home last night, and there’s a car in the dining room. I said to my wife, “How did you get the cat in the dining room?” She said, “It was easy. I made a left turn when I came out of the kitchen.” ERICAN UNIVERSIT LIBRARY OP RTDs (2) Discuss two arguments against the hypothesis that states that children learn their first language through reinforcement. Part II Short answer questions (60 pis) (1) Define briefly the following terms: Speech synthesis, Accent. (3) Give the semantic role of each of the underlined noun phrases in the following sentences: (a) Small US Studios delight Audiences at Moscow Fair. (b) The magician changed the ball into a rabbit. (4) Discuss the following excerpt using Tannen’s approach to mixed gender communication. He: What’s wrong? She: You were taking up too much of the bed. He:!’m sorry. She: You’re always doing that. He: What? She: Taking advantage of me. ERICAN UNTVERS! LIBRARY oe RETRUT ©) (6) He: Wait a minute. I was asleep. How can you hold me responsible for what I do when I’m asleep? She: Well, what about the time... We have observed three semantic relations among sentences: P(araphrase), E(ntailment), and C(ontradiction). Which of these relations is exemplified in each of the following pairs of sentences? (Flint: use N, for none) (a) If you go to the party, I’ll go too. If you don’t go to the party, I won’t go. (b) At least 30 people will come to the party. At least 20 people will come to the party. (c) My pet cobra likes the taste of chocolate fudge. My pet cobra finds chocolate fudge tasty. (d) Vera is an only child. Olga is Vera’s sister. (a) What is a metaphor? (b) In the sentences that follow identify the word (or phrase) that is used metaphorically and determine, for each set of sentences, the basis for each metaphor. a Example: i. They got into a heated argument ii. She gave him an icy stare ii. He gave her the cold shoulder The metaphors in (i-iii) describe human relations in terms of temperature. (a) i. The eye of a needle ii. The foot of the bed iii, The hands of the clock iv. The arms of a chair v. The table legs (b) i. This lecture is easy to digest ii. He just eats up the lecturer’s words ui. Chew on this thought for a while iv. Listen to this juicy piece of gossip