GEOL 201 Final, Fall 1998

Name..........-.05- v Geology 201 Final Exam, Fall 1999 ~ Exam rules apply. o Time allowed: Two hours : Section A: (60 marks) Answer the questions on the sheet provided. Note that two marks will be given for each correct answer and half a mark will be deducted for each incorrect answer. The mineral Dolomite is an example of a: Sulphate. Phosphate. Carbonate. Double chain silicate. Sheet silicate. sao Cf N Which of the following statements regarding a silicate mineral that has the basic formula (Si,Ojo) is true? Each silicate tetrahedron shares one oxygen atom. Each silicate tetrahedron shares two oxygen atoms Each silicate tetrahedron shares three oxygen atoms Each silicate tetrahedron shares four oxygen atoms. None of the above. one sR Table 1 enn Quariz [7 SiOz Calcite 4 CaCO3 Apatite _| 5 | Ca5(PO4)3(F,OH) 6 2 1 Orthoclase NaAISi308 Gypsum CaS Talc Mg3Si4010(0H)2 w By the process of elimination determine which of the following statements regarding Table ! is correct? a. Two of the minerals have been assigned a hardness value (second colunin) that is incorrect b. Only two of the minerals have been assigned their correct chemical composition c. Allof the minerals have been given the correct chemical composition d, Statements A and B are both correct e. None of the above statements are correct wen an Klektsoar crete crystals Bitte Quartz 4, The rocks A, B and C shown in figure | would be best described as: Granite, Slate and Gneiss Sandstone, Pumice and Schist Granite, Shale and Phylite Rhyolite, Shale and Schist Pumice, Phylite and Coal enog®e 5. Aa is best described as: a. Anash flow b. A low viscosity lava flow with a ropey texture c. Apyroclastic flow with a blocky texture d. All of the above e. None of the above Table 2 1_| Rhyolite | A_| Orthoclase, Quartz, Mica +/- Amphibole Dacite B | Plagioctase, Quartz, Mica +/- Amphibole 3 | Andesite | C Plagiociase, Mica & Olivine 4 | Basalt | D Plagioclase, Mica, Amphibole E Orthoclase, Quartz +/- Olivine LF Plagioclase, Pyroxene & Olivine 6. Table 2 shows four rock types 1-4 and six mineral assemblages A-F. If you were to match the rock type to the correct mineral assemblage then the answer would be? a. 1OF,29E,3>Band49A b. 19A,29C, 3B and45E c 19B,23A,39Cand49E d. 193A, 2B, 39D and 49F e. 19B, 239A, 39D and 49F Table 3 1) Hematite | (A) Hematite (2) Feldspar | (B) Limonite (3) Gypsum | (C) Kaolinite (4) Pyroxene] (D) Anhydrite 7. The minerals in the first column of Table 3 (labelled 1-4) alter (o which of the minerals (labelled A-D) in the second column during chemical weathering? a. 19D,29C,39B,49A b. 19C,23A,39B, 49D c. 19A,29C, 39D, 49B d 19B, 29C, 39D, 490A e. 19A,29B,39D,49C 8. The type of soil developed in a warm dry climate is known as a: a. Laterite b. Pedocal c, Pedalfer d. Regolith e. Aridosoil Figure 2: - Rock. Fragment foam Name.............., 9. The clastic rock shown in figure 2 would be best described asa: eS ROT = saa ge SP ROTs- eA oe Fao pS snoop 15. Monomict ortho-pebble-breccia Siltstone Arkose Quartz arenite Greywacke . Which of the following sediments is not a biochemical sediment Oil shale Calcareous ooze Gypsum Biomicrite Fossiliferous limestone . A single angular clast of limestone (size 84mm) is known as a: Boulder grayel Cobble Pebble breccia Boulder congtomerate Sand . Which type of coal contains the highest percentage of carbon? Peat Anthracite Lignite Bituminous Subbituminous . Metamorphism in a subduction zone is associated with: High temperatures and high pressures High temperatures and low pressures Low temperature and low pressures Low temperature and high pressures None of the above . Which of the following metamorphic rocks belongs to the greenschist facies? Granulite Gneiss Schist Slate Eclogite Which of the following minerals is not used as an index mineral when determining metamorphic zones? a. b c. d. e. 16. a. sa0f Chlorite Staurolite Garnet Muscovite Sillimanite What is the name given to a large crystal in a metamorphic rock? Phenocryst Porphry Porphyroblast Pegmatitite Pyroxene Figure 3 is a cross-section through a part of the Earth’s crust. Note that units A, B G and N are all intrusive igneous rocks and X and Y are faults. Examine the cross-section carefully before answering questions 17 and 20. aM VVVIVVV oO vvyvvpvvyv 17. The boundary at the bottom of layer K would be best described as: A disconformity A nonconformity An angular unconformity A fault None of the above 18. The line marked Y in figure 3 is: A normal fault A reverse fault A dextral strike-slip fault A sinistral strike-slip fault None of the above 19. Unit A forms an intrusion which would be best described as a. Sill Laccolith Lopolith Phacolith Cone sheet 20. If the rock units and structures were to be written in order from oldest to youngest then the order would be: Name... 2... Figure 4. . D = Devonian “’) S = Silurian / vy S ‘ \ O = Ordovician / / jo\ \ \ 1. The fold shown above is best described as: Neutral syncline Antiformal! anticline Antiformal syncline Synformal syncline Synformal anticline eS ROTPN N 2. K* has a half-life of 1.3 billion years. If there were initially 1000 atoms of K“’ how many atoms of Ar’ would there be afier 3.9 billion years? 500 875 105 770 None of the above eno FB N 3. If the stresses acting on a cube are as follows o)=10, o2=7 and o3=4 then the result would be? The cube would become shorter in the o, and 0, directions and longer in the 6; direction. The cube would become shorter in the o, and 0; directions and longer in the 02 direction The cube would become shorter in the a; and longer in the a and a; directions The cube would become shorter in the o; and longer in the a; direction, The length of the cube in the «2 direction would stay the same. e. The cube would become shorter itt all directions aoop Figure 5: tory On -6y nn anne co re ea a On GR 24. Which types of fault would be associated with the stress regimes shown in figures 5a and 5b? A =normai, B = reverse A=normal, B = strike-slip A= strike-slip, B = reverse A = reverse, B = normal A= reverse, B = strike-slip 2 ao FP 5, The Gutenburg discontinuity is found between: The upper and lower continental crust The crust and the mantle The lithosphere and the asthenosphere The mesosphere and the outer core The inner core and the outer core PROT Ey Name.......00.... 26. egos Nn ean0og8 Ne es aogE NX eno Tp saerDp 7. 8. 9, The geographic point on the Earth’s surface directly above the point at which slip initiates is known as the: Focus Rebound point Slip point Epicentre Seismocentre The natural floatational balance of lithosphcric plates on the asthenosphere is known as: Stoping Isostacy Buoyancy Sag Viscosity Which of the following statements is true with respect to divergent plate margins? They are associated with shallow earthquakes The prominent type of metamorphism is high pressure, low temperature The characteristic igneous rocks are basaltic All of the above are correct Only a and c are correct What was the name of the supercontinent that existed in the late Proterozoic Laurasia Gondwanaland Pangaea Rodinia Panthalassa At which of the following plate boundaries would you expect to see an accretionary prism? Ocean-ocean divergent Ocean-ocean convergent Continental-continental transform Ocean-ocean transform Continent-continent divergent Answer the questions for section A itt the table below. Remember that two marks will be given for each correct answer and half a mark will be deducted for cach incorrect answer, t a a a a a a a a a a a a O] ON Ofc] &] oo] po] = o leo SH SS HS 12 13 14 15 QFOIQALOLOPFAIMO AIH [APH [OHO JaAlAJaOlAl[OlAJAJALAL[AIAsAFaAiajajaja log toutes bogies logted fogied tog logiogiog logics tegen ies toutes fog ted lod ion ion toslod log tod ion RBlalaialjaiaianlaqialaianianiglajaliajaiajaiasajajajajaiqialjalaja DIDIDIDIDID I D/D{D/DEDID/Dl/DIDED/ DIDI Dl D/O] DID O9IDig|oaja/a Name............... Section B (20 marks) Name: Using labelled diagrams and examples explain what is meant by (he following: (Remember no diagram = no grade) 1. Metamorphic aureole 2. Rhythmic bedding 3. Deep-sea oozes 4. Unconformity 5. Radiometric dating Name............... Section C (20 marks) Name: Using labelled diagrams show the possible results of the action depicted in the figure. (Remember no diagram = no grade) Shale \ Heat > 200°¢ + increasing Layers of rock deforming a brittle environment Seismic stations “4 Fault suddenly moves [D] Unstable sediments on continental shelf Ls" disturbed by an earthquake. SE Plate A begins to subduct under plate B