ARAB 225 Final, Fall 2008

عورشم ةيحرسم اهتركف رودت نع ة�يّدجلا يف ةهجاوم .ثبعلا ث�بعلاو وه نادقف ،ىن""عملا ىن""عم يأ ؛ءيش رايهنا ،ناميّلإا ناميّلإا يأب .ءيش ريسلاو يف ةايحلا عفادب ةرور""ضلا اهدحو نودو عانتقا لابو لمأ سكعنيّو .يقيقح ك""لذ ىلع ةي""صخشلا يف ةرو""ص للاحنا .ة�يبل""سو ي""سمتو ة""لوطبلا ة""فارخ ،ةيّرخ""سو يوت""سيّو ري""خلا .�ر""شلاو مGدقيّو امهدحأ ىلع رخلآا — اذإ مKدLق — عفادب نم ةينانلأا وأ نبجلا وأ .ة�يّزاهتنلاا تومتو ميقلا Rاعيمج يهتنتو ةرا"ضحلا ا"مأ )...( . ة�""يّدجلا ين"عتف ،نا"ميّلإا نكلو ناميّلإا ؟اذامب )...( يكلو ط�سبأ ةلأسملا لوقأ �نإ ناسنلإا هجاو Rاميّد""ق ثبعلا جرخو هنم ،نيّدلاب وهو ههجاويّ ،مويلا فيكف جرخيّ ؟هنم بيجن ،ظو""فحم ةر""ثرث قو""ف ل""ينلا، ص 108-109نم( ة""عبط ة""بتكم ).ر""صم لصفلا .رشاعلا The Ottoman Empire was a European, Asian and African power, with vital interests to protect and enemies to face in all three continents. During most of its existence, a large part of its resources and energy were devoted to expansion into eatern and central Europe and the control of its European provinces, which held much of the population of the empire and provided much of its revenue; from the late seventeenth century onwards, it was concerned with defence against Austrian expansion from the west and Russian from the north, in the area around the Black Sea. The place of the Arab provinces in the empire must be seen in the context of this preoccupation with the Balkans and Anatolia. Albert Hourani, A History of the Arab Peoples, p. 225 (119 words)